/*== 疑似(pseudo)コード用ヘッダーファイル ==*/
#if !defined (__pseudo__)
#define __pseudo__
/*-- Ex01 --*/
#include  <stdio.h>
#define FUNCTION
#define  FUNC
#define  Main()      void main(void)
#define  VARIABLE    {
#define  VAR         {
#define  BEGIN
#define  ENDFUNCTION }
#define  ENDFUNC     }
#define  END         }
#define WriteString(str)\
                           printf("%s",str)
#define  WriteS(str) printf("%s",str)
#define WriteLine(str)\
                           printf("%s\n",str)
#define  WriteLn     printf("\n")
/*-- Ex02 --*/
typedef double  REAL;  /*8バイト長実数*/
#define Real(eq)     (REAL)(eq)
#define ReadReal(var)\
        { while(scanf("%lf",&(var))<1)\
            (void)getchar();\
        }
#define   ReadR(var)  ReadReal(var)
#define ScanReal(var) scanf("%lf",&(var))
#define WriteReal(eq) printf("% g",Real(eq))
#define   WriteR(eq)  WriteReal(eq)
#define DebugReal(eq)\
               printf(#eq"=% g\n",Real(eq))
#define   DebugR(eq)  DebugReal(eq)
/*-- Ex03 --*/
typedef long int  INT; /*4バイト長整数*/
typedef long int  INTEGER;
#define Int(eq)     (INT)(eq)
#define LOOP        while(1){
#define   EXITLOOP  break
#define   EXIT      break
#define   ENDLOOP   }
#define ReadInt(var)\
       { while(scanf("%ld",&(var))<1)\
         (void)getchar();\
       }
#define   ReadI(var) ReadInt(var)
#define ScanInt(var) scanf("%ld", &(var))
#define WriteInt(eq) printf("% ld",Int(eq))
#define   WriteI(eq) WriteInt(eq)
#define DebugInt(eq)\
            printf(#eq"=% ld\n",Int(eq))
#define   DebugI(eq) DebugInt(eq)
#define MOD  %        /* 余り */
/*-- Ex04 --*/
#define IF( cond)  if( cond ){
#define   ENDIF    }
#define EQL ==   /*等しい(equal)*/
#define  NEQ !=  /*等しくない(not equal)*/
#define WriteStringFormat(str, width, n)\
            printf("%*.*s", width, n, str)
#define WriteStringF(str, width, n)\
            WriteStringFormat(str, width, n)
#define WriteRealFormat(eq, width, n)\
            printf("%*.*g",width,n,Real(eq))
#define WriteRealF(eq, width, n)\
            WriteRealFormat(eq, width, n)
#define WriteIntFormat(eq, width, n)\
            printf("%*.*ld",width,n,Int(eq))
#define WriteIntF(eq, width, n)\
            WriteIntFormat(eq, width, n)
/*-- Ex05 --*/
typedef long int* PointerToINT;
typedef long int* PtrINT;
#define FOR( n, fst, lst)\
            for(n=(fst);n<=(lst);n++){
#define   ENDFOR   }
#define AddressOf( var)  &(var)
#define   ADR( var)      &(var)
#define DebugArrayInt(ary,fst,lst)\
         { long i;\
           printf(#ary"[%ld..%ld]=",\
             (long)(fst),(long)(lst));\
           for(i=fst;i<=lst;i++){\
             printf("% ld", ary[i]);\
           }\
           printf("\n");\
         }
/*-- Ex06 --*/
typedef double*   PointerToREAL;
typedef double*   PtrREAL;
#define InputReal(var)\
          printf(#var"? ");ReadReal(var)
#define ObjectOf( var)  *(var)
#define   OBJ( var)     *(var)
#define SWAP(type, xx, yy)\
          {type d_=xx;xx=yy;yy=d_;}
/*-- EX07 --*/
#define DebugArrayReal(ary,fst,lst)\
         { int i;\
           printf(#ary"[%ld..%ld]=",\
             (long)(fst),(long)(lst));\
           for(i=fst;i<=lst;i++){\
              printf("% .14g", ary[i]);\
           }\
           printf("\n");\
         }
/*-- Ex08 --*/
#define ELSEIF(cond)  }else if(cond){
#define   ELSE       }else{
#define AND          &&
#define OR           ||
#define MLOOP        LOOP
#define  EXITMLOOP(nn)\
            goto _EndMultiLoop##nn
#define  ENDMLOOP(nn)\
            }_EndMultiLoop##nn:;
/*-- Ex09 --*/
#define SWITCH( c )   switch( c ){
#define   CASE        break; case
#define   OTHER       break; default
#define   ENDSWITCH   }
/*-- Ex10 --*/
#define WHILE(cond)   while(cond){
#define   ENDWHILE    }
#define REPEAT        do {
#define   UNTIL(cond) }while(!(cond));
#define FORINC( n,fst,lst,step)\
          for(n=(fst);n<=(lst);\
              n+= (step)){
#define FORDEC( n,fst,lst,step)\
          for(n=(fst);n>=(lst);\
              n-= (step)){
#define INC(v)  (v)++ /*1増す*/
#define DEC(v)  (v)-- /*1減らす*/
/*-- Ex11 --*/
typedef void  VOID;
#define TYPE
#define InputInt(var)\
          printf(#var"? "); ReadInt(var)
#define RETURN  return
/*-- Ex12 --*/
#define STATIC     static
#define StaticINT  static INT
#define StcINT     static INT
#define StaticREAL static REAL
#define StcREAL    static REAL
/*-- Ex13 --*/
typedef unsigned char   CHAR;
typedef unsigned char*  PtrCHAR;
#define StaticCHAR static CHAR
#define StcCHAR    static CHAR
#define ReadString(str) scanf("%s",str)
#define   ReadS(str)    ReadString(str)
#define DebugString(str) \
            printf(#str"= \"%s\"\n", str)
/*-- Ex14 --*/
#define POINTER *
#define   PTR   *
#define STRUCT    typedef struct{
#define   ENDSTRUCT(name)  }name;
/*-- Ex15 --*/
#define SwapPtr(p1,p2) \
         { void *ptmp;ptmp=(p1);\
             p1=(p2);p2= ptmp;\
         }
/*-- Ex16 --*/
#define Read1S(str)    scanf("%1s",str)
#define WriteChar(var) printf("%c",(CHAR)var)
#define   WriteC(var)  WriteChar(var)
#define DebugChar(var)\
            printf(#var"=%c\n",(CHAR)var)
/*-- Ex17 --*/
#define ReadHex(var)   scanf("%x",&(var))
#define WriteHex(var)  printf("%x",(int)var)
#define   WriteH(var)  WriteHex(var)
#define DebugHex(var)\
            printf(#var"=%x\n",(int)var)
/*-- Ex18 --*/
typedef FILE*   PointerToFILE;
typedef FILE*   PtrFILE;

#define OpenFileRead(fname,fp)\
          {if(( fp =fopen(fname,"r"))==NULL){\
          printf("Can't open \"%s\" !\n", fname);\
          exit(1);}}
#define OpenFileWrite(fname,fp)\
          {if(( fp =fopen(fname,"w"))==NULL){\
          printf("Can't open \"%s\" !\n", fname);\
          exit(1);}}
#define OpenFileAppend(fname,fp)\
          {if(( fp =fopen(fname,"a"))==NULL){\
          printf("Can't open \"%s\" !\n", fname);\
          exit(1);}}
#define FileReadInt(var,fp)\
         {while(fscanf(fp,"%ld",&(var))<1)\
             (void)fgetc(fp);}
#define FileReadI(var,fp)  FileReadInt(var,fp)
#define FileReadReal(var,fp)\
         {while(fscanf(fp,"%lf",&(var))<1)\
           (void)fgetc(fp);}
#define FileReadR(var,fp)  FileReadReal(var,fp)
#define FileRead1S(var,fp) fscanf(fp,"%1s",&(var))
#define FileWriteInt(var,fp)\
         fprintf(fp,"% ld",(var))
#define FileWriteI(var,fp) FileWriteInt(var,fp)
#define FileWriteReal(var,fp)\
         fprintf(fp,"% g",(var))
#define FileWriteR(var,fp) FileWriteReal(var,fp)
#define CloseFile(fp)  fclose(fp)
/*-- Ex19 --*/
#define OpenBinaryFileRead(fname,fp)\
          {if(( fp =fopen(fname,"rb"))==NULL){\
          printf("Can't open \"%s\" !\n", fname);\
          exit(1);}}
#define OpenBinaryFileWrite(fname,fp)\
          {if(( fp =fopen(fname,"wb"))==NULL){\
          printf("Can't open \"%s\" !\n", fname);\
          exit(1);}}
#define OpenBinaryFileAppend(fname,fp)\
          {if(( fp =fopen(fname,"ab"))==NULL){\
          printf("Can't open \"%s\" !\n", fname);\
          exit(1);}}
/*-- Ex20 --*/
#define MemAlloc( type, nelem, ptr)\
         { ptr= (type *)malloc(\
              (size_t)(sizeof(type)*nelem));\
           if(!ptr){\
              printf("out of memory!\n");\
              exit(1);\
          }\
         }
#define NewAlloc( type, nelem, ptr )\
         { ptr=(type *)calloc( (size_t)(nelem),\
                (size_t)sizeof( type));\
           if(!ptr){\
              printf("out of memory!!\n");\
              exit(1);\
           }\
         }
#define   Free( ptr)  free( ptr)
/*-- Ex21 --*/
#define  SwapReal( v1, v2) \
          { REAL  r_; r_= (v1); v1= (v2); v2= r_;}
#define  SwapR( v1, v2)  SwapReal4( v1, v2)
#define  SwapReal4( v1, v2) \
          { REAL4  r_; r_= (v1); v1= (v2); v2= r_;}
#define  SwapR4( v1, v2)  SwapReal4( v1, v2)
#define  SwapInt( v1, v2) \
          { INT  r_; r_= (v1); v1= (v2); v2= r_;}
#define  SwapI( v1, v2)  SwapInt( v1, v2)
#define  SwapInt2( v1, v2) \
          { INT2  r_; r_= (v1); v1= (v2); v2= r_;}
#define  SwapI2( v1, v2)  SwapInt2( v1, v2)

typedef short int   INT2;
typedef  short int* PointerToINT2;
typedef  short int* PtrINT2;
#define StaticINT2  static INT2
#define  StcINT2    static INT2
#define Int2(eq)   (INT2)(eq)
#define ReadInt2(var)\
         { while(scanf("%hd",&(var))<1)\
           (void)getchar();\
         }
#define   ReadI2(var) ReadInt2(var)
#define   WriteInt2(eq) WriteInt(eq)
#define   WriteI2(eq)   WriteInt(eq)
#define   DebugInt2(eq) DebugInt(eq)
#define   DebugI2(eq)   DebugInt(eq)

typedef float      REAL4;
typedef float*     PointerToREAL4;
typedef float*     PtrREAL4;
#define StaticREAL4  static REAL4
#define  StcREAL4    static REAL4
#define Real4(eq)  (REAL4)(eq)
#define ReadReal4(var)\
         { while(scanf("%f",&(var))<1)\
           (void)getchar();\
         }
#define   ReadR4(var) ReadReal4(var)
#define   WriteReal4(eq) WriteReal(eq)
#define   WriteR4(eq)    WriteReal(eq)
#define   DebugReal4(eq) DebugReal(eq)
#define   DebugR4(eq)    DebugReal(eq)

/*-- other --*/
#define OpenFile(fname, mode, fp)\
   { if(( fp =fopen(fname,mode))==NULL){\
        printf("Can't open \"%s\" !\n", fname);\
        exit(1);\
      }\
   }
#define FileRead( ary, size, nitems, fp)\
   { INT ii;\
     if((ii= fread(ary,size,nitems, fp)) < nitems){\
    WriteI(ii); WriteS(" items\n");\
    printf("Read error in FileRead\(\)\n");\
     }\
   }
#define FileWrite( ary,size, nitems, fp)\
   { INT ii;\
     if((ii= fwrite(ary,size,nitems, fp)) < nitems){\
    WriteI(ii); WriteS(" items\n");\
    printf("Write error in FileWrite\(\)\n");\
     }\
   }
#define FileTell( pos, fp)\
   { if( (pos=ftell(fp))< 0)\
      printf("Error in FileTell()!\n");\
   }

#define LOCAL   static
#define MAX(v1,v2)  ((v1)>(v2)? (v1):(v2))
#define MIN(v1,v2)  ((v1)<(v2)? (v1):(v2))

#define EXITFOR  break
#define THEN
#define OK  0
#define YES 1
#define NO  0
#define ON  1
#define IsOdd( var)  (var%2)
typedef unsigned long int  UINT;
typedef UINT*   PtrUINT;
#define WriteUInt(eq) printf("% lu", (eq))
#define   WriteUI(eq) WriteInt(eq)
/*-- END ----------------------------------*/
#endif